Indications
- Spironolactone is utilized for treating high blood pressure and heart failure.
- It aids in preventing strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems by lowering high blood pressure.
- The medication addresses swelling (edema) related to specific conditions like heart failure and liver disease by eliminating excess fluid, improving symptoms such as breathing difficulties.
- Spironolactone is classified as a “water pill” or potassium-sparing diuretic.
- It is also employed in conditions where the body produces excessive amounts of the natural substance aldosterone.
Dosage and administration
- Take spironolactone by mouth as directed by your doctor.
- If stomach upset occurs, take it with food or milk.
- It’s advisable to take the dose early in the day (before 6 p.m.) to avoid nighttime urination.
- Shake the bottle well before each dose if using the liquid form.
- Use a special measuring device/spoon for the liquid form; do not use a household spoon.
- You can take the liquid form with or without food but maintain consistency with each dose.
- The dosage is determined by your medical condition and response, with children’s dosage based on body weight.
- Take the medication regularly at the same time(s) each day for maximum benefit.
- Continue taking it even if you feel well; many people with high blood pressure don’t feel sick.
- Follow the prescription exactly; do not increase, take more often, or stop without consulting your doctor.
- Inform your doctor if your condition worsens, such as noticing an increase in routine blood pressure readings.
Side effects
- Common side effects may include drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, stomach upset, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, or headache. Inform your doctor if these persist or worsen.
- To minimize the risk of dizziness and lightheadedness, rise slowly from a sitting or lying position.
- Spironolactone can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Notify your doctor immediately if you experience symptoms such as dry mouth/thirst, confusion, irregular heartbeat, or muscle cramps/weakness.
- Report serious side effects promptly, including signs of kidney problems, menstrual changes, breast pain or enlargement in men, sexual function issues, signs of infection, vomit resembling coffee grounds, signs of liver problems, or easy bruising/bleeding.
- Seek immediate medical help for rare but severe allergic reactions, including rash, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing.
- This list does not cover all possible side effects; contact your doctor or pharmacist for any unlisted effects.
Precautions
- Inform your doctor or pharmacist about any allergies to spironolactone or inactive ingredients in the product.
- Provide your medical history, especially regarding kidney problems, liver problems, untreated mineral imbalances, or decreased adrenal gland function.
- Before surgery, disclose all the medications, including prescriptions, over-the-counter drugs, and herbal products, to your doctor or dentist.
- Consult your doctor or pharmacist before using potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium, as spironolactone may increase potassium levels.
- Be cautious about activities requiring alertness, as this medication may cause dizziness or drowsiness, exacerbated by alcohol or marijuana use.
- Report severe sweating, diarrhea, or vomiting to your doctor, as they may lead to dehydration and lightheadedness.
- Older adults may be more sensitive to side effects, especially elevated potassium levels.
- If pregnant, discuss the risks and benefits of using this medication with your doctor.
- Spironolactone passes into breast milk but is unlikely to harm nursing infants; consult your doctor before breastfeeding.