Indications
- Apixaban is used to prevent blood clots due to irregular heartbeat (atrial fibrillation) or after hip/knee replacement surgery.
- Atrial fibrillation can lead to abnormal blood clot formation, increasing the risk of stroke or clots in other body parts.
- In the U.S., apixaban is also approved to treat specific blood clot types (deep vein thrombosis-DVT, pulmonary embolus-PE) and prevent their recurrence.
- Apixaban is an anticoagulant that blocks certain clotting proteins in the blood.
Dosage and administration
- Read the Medication Guide and Patient Information Leaflet before starting apixaban and with each refill.
- Take the medication by mouth, with or without food, as directed by the doctor, usually twice daily.
- If unable to swallow the tablet whole, it can be crushed and mixed with water, apple juice, or applesauce for immediate consumption.
- Dosage is based on various factors, including medical condition, age, weight, kidney function, and concurrent medications.
- Inform the doctor and pharmacist about all products used, including prescriptions, non-prescriptions, and herbal products.
- If using apixaban post-surgery for blood clot prevention, the treatment duration depends on the type of surgery.
- Do not stop taking the medication without consulting the doctor, and order refills early to avoid running out.
- Use the medication regularly at the same times each day for maximum benefit.
Side effects
- Possible side effects may include nausea, easy bruising, or minor bleeding like nosebleeds.
- Inform the doctor promptly if these effects persist or worsen.
- The medication is prescribed because its benefits outweigh the potential side effects for many people.
- Serious bleeding may occur if the drug affects blood clotting proteins excessively.
- Contact the doctor immediately if signs of serious bleeding occur, such as frequent or unstoppable nosebleeds.
- Other serious bleeding indicators include unusual tiredness, swelling, prolonged bleeding, dark urine, or coughing up blood.
- Seek immediate medical help for very serious bleeding signs like vision changes, confusion, weakness on one side of the body.
- A rare but severe allergic reaction may occur; get medical help for symptoms such as rash, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing.
- The list of possible side effects is not exhaustive; contact the doctor for any unlisted effects.
Precautions
- Before taking apixaban, inform the doctor or pharmacist about any allergies, especially to inactive ingredients in the product.
- Share your medical history, particularly liver or kidney disease, bleeding problems, blood disorders, recent major injury or surgery, stroke, clotting disorders, or frequent falls.
- Notify your doctor or dentist before surgery or medical/dental procedures about your apixaban use; they may advise you to stop the medication.
- The medication may cause stomach bleeding; limit alcohol consumption to reduce the risk and consult your doctor about a safe alcohol intake.
- Exercise caution with sharp objects and activities that may cause injury to avoid heavy bleeding; use an electric razor and a soft toothbrush.
- In case of falls or injuries, especially to the head, contact your doctor promptly for evaluation.
- Use apixaban during pregnancy only when necessary; discuss potential risks and benefits with the doctor.
- It’s uncertain whether the medication passes into breast milk, and breastfeeding is not recommended due to potential risks to the infant; consult your doctor before breastfeeding.
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